Diamond Clarity Chart Explained

Are you searching for the perfect diamond for your engagement ring or fine jewellery in Melbourne? Read our detailed guide to learn more about the diamond clarity chart and how diamonds are graded from flawless to included.

While each of the 4C’s contributes to a diamond’s overall quality, clarity plays a key role in revealing a diamond's purity. Clarity refers to the presence (or absence) of inclusions or blemishes formed during a diamond’s creation. The clarity chart classifies diamonds according to the number, size, location and visibility of these inclusions, as well as their placement on the stone. 

Diamond inclusions are the result of the extraordinary conditions under which diamonds are formed, creating a unique profile of internal and surface characteristics.These internal and external features can affect a diamond’s transparency, brilliance, and value.

Pioneered by GIA, the highest clarity grading a diamond receives is ‘Flawless’, indicating no visible inclusions or blemishes under 10x magnification. 

Continue reading below as we explain all you need to know about diamond clarity grading, including how to interpret the GIA diamond clarity chart.

The Basics of Diamond Clarity

Clarity describes how uninterrupted the diamond’s structure is. A higher-clarity diamond allows light to pass through with minimal obstruction, contributing to a brighter and clearer appearance.

Diamond clarity refers to the number, size, location, and visibility of inclusions and blemishes within a diamond. Inclusions are internal characteristics within the diamond’s internal crystal lattice structures. These are features that appear during a diamond’s formation under intense pressures and temperatures. 

Many inclusions are microscopic and invisible to the naked eye, meaning a diamond can appear perfectly clean even if it does not rank at the top of the clarity scale. Understanding clarity helps balance beauty, rarity, and value when selecting your diamond.

What is the GIA Diamond Clarity Grading Chart?

The Gemological Institute of America (GIA) established the diamond clarity grading system as part of the globally recognised 4C’s framework. This grading criteria assesses a diamond’s clarity based on inclusions and blemishes when examined under 10x magnification by trained gemologists. As with all grading, diamonds are always assessed as loose stones prior to being set within an engagement ring.

The clarity grading scale ranges from Flawless (FL), representing the highest level of purity, through to Included (I), where inclusions are easily visible and may impact transparency and durability. This grading scale is internationally recognised and appears on all GIA, GCAL, and IGI diamond certificates.

The most admired diamonds are flawless, as they are the rarest to come by. Although there are many beautiful options offering no inclusions are visible without magnification. 

What is the GIA Diamond Clarity Scale

The GIA diamond clarity chart is divided into categories that describe the visibility and impact of inclusions and blemishes. The GIA clarity grading scale is as follows:

Flawless (FL): No inclusions or blemishes visible under 10x magnification. Extremely rare.
Internally Flawless (IF): No internal inclusions, only minor surface blemishes visible under 10x magnification.
Very Very Slightly Included (VVS1 & VVS2): Inclusions that are extremely difficult for a skilled grader to see under 10x magnification.
Very Slightly Included (VS1 & VS2): Minor inclusions visible under 10x magnification but typically invisible to the naked eye.
Slightly Included (SI1 & SI2): Noticeable inclusions under 10x magnification, some may be visible to the naked eye depending on size and location.
Included (I1, I2 & I3): Obvious inclusions that are visible to the naked eye and may affect brilliance and durability.

Additional Grading Information about Diamond Clarity

Included on a diamond grading report is detailed clarity information that provides deeper insight into a diamond’s unique features.

Inclusions:
Inclusions are internal features such as feathers, crystals, clouds, needles, or pinpoints. Diamond graders assess their size, number, position, relief (contrast), and whether they impact light performance or structural integrity.

Blemishes:
Blemishes are surface characteristics including scratches, abrasions, pits, or polishing marks. These are also assessed under 10x magnification and can influence a diamond’s clarity grade if prominent.

Clarity Plot:
A clarity plot appears on a diamond certificate as a diagram showing the type and location of inclusions and blemishes. Red symbols represent internal inclusions, while green symbols indicate surface blemishes. This map allows you to understand where inclusions are positioned within the diamond. 

These elements collectively determine a diamond’s clarity grade and how visually uninterrupted it appears.

Beyond the 4C’s

At JANAI, we go beyond the GIA 4C’s by assessing how inclusions interact with light and impact a diamond’s visual performance. This allows our consultants to guide you in selecting a diamond that balances exceptional clarity with optimal light performance and beauty.

In-store, we use specialised analytical tools to assess a diamond’s light performance, ensuring inclusions do not compromise its visual appeal. During your consultation, you may view your diamond in-person under magnification to reveal its brilliance and sparkle.

A well-selected clarity grade ensures your diamond appears bright, clean, and beautiful to the naked eye. Choosing the right clarity allows you to maximise size, cut quality, and value without compromising appearance.

Eye-Clean Diamonds

An eye-clean diamond is one that shows no visible inclusions when viewed without magnification. These diamonds are highly sought after as they offer exceptional beauty without the premium associated with flawless clarity grades.

Optimal Balance: Eye-clean diamonds deliver exceptional visual purity while allowing greater flexibility in size or cut.
Hidden Inclusions: Inclusions are often positioned under facets or near the girdle, making them difficult to see.
Exceptional Value: Choosing an eye-clean diamond often provides the best balance between rarity, beauty, and investment.

Conclusion

Understanding diamond clarity is essential for selecting a diamond that appears pure, bright, and visually stunning. By learning how clarity grades are assessed and how inclusions impact appearance, you can make an informed choice that balances beauty and value. When combined thoughtfully with the other 4C’s, the right clarity ensures your diamond looks exceptional and stands the test of time.

Our consultants at JANAI assist in finding your perfect diamond for your Engagement Ring in Melbourne.